The following is the text content from: PSD.BXY. The PSD.BXY contains this text file and the same file in AppleWorks WP format only. PSD.BXY will unshrink as a ProDOS 8 bootable disk with a system file allowing you to read both file formats, as contained. The PSD.BXY is 'USER'S MANUAL; IBM TO APPLE IIGS POWER SUPPLY AND CABLE ADAPTER V1.0'. This disk was prepared and is presented as a FREEWARE from: Stephen Buggie, Ph.D. Dr. Buggie is a 1WSW team member and asked that I make this 'FREEWARE' Shrinkit archive available for all Apple II/IIGS users to have and enjoy. I'm sure you will all find the archive and the following text file collectives, contained on the disk archive very useful. You can cotact Dr. Buggie as noted below: Stephen Buggie, Ph.D. Dept. of Psychology/ED. Univ. of New Mexico 200 College Rd. Gallup, NM 87301 email: buggie@unm.edu Enjoy! Charles T. 'Dr. Tom' Turley Cofounder and Exec. Coordinator - 1WSW Editor - GS WorldView --------------------------------------------------------------------------- April 1996 USER'S MANUAL: IBM-TO-APPLE IIGS POWER SUPPLY AND CABLE ADAPTOR IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII V. 1.0 Stephen Buggie OUTLINE Psychology Dept. Univ. of New Mexico-Gallup IBM POWER SUPPLY IIGS INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 200 College Rd. INTRODUCTION Gallup, NM 87301 SWITCHING-STYLE POWER SUPPLIES APPLE II AND IBM POWER SUPPLIES buggie@unm.edu POWER SUPPLY CABLE: DESIGN FEATURES voice: (505) 863-7504 w DETAILED INSTALLATION AND CHECKING PROCEDURE voice: (505) 863-2390 h WIRE INSULATION COLOR CODES: APPLE II AND IBM fax: (505) 863-7532 COOLING FAN NOISE RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON POWER SUPPLIES MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE AND LIMITED WARRANTY AUTHOR'S NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IBM POWER SUPPLY IIGS INSTALLATION PROCEDURE HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH These are the installation steps for this power supply and cable: (a) Carefully unwrap the power supply. Use no knife or blade. (b) With all power OFF, and after discharging any static, remove the present internal power supply -- a plastic clip at the keyboard end of the motherboard holds it in. (c) Carefully unplug the present internal power supply from the Molex-7 connector on the motherboard. (d) Use a DC voltmeter to CHECK THE VOLTAGES of the wires on the Molex-7 plug (-5v, -12v, +12v, and +5v) before connecting to the IIgs. [This is an important precaution!] (e) Place the IBM power supply on the floor under the computer table -- position it so that there is no danger of objects (paper clips, pens, etc.) falling off the table into a fan opening, nor of liquids being spilled into it. (f) String the 6-wire cable up to the back panel of the IIgs, and into the computer. (g) Carefully line up the Molex-7 plug with the male motherboard connector. The two black wires are towards the keyboard-front of the computer; the plug's "polarizing-ramp" faces towards the slots. (h) Slowly push the plug onto the motherboard power connector. (i) Put the lid on the CPU, then System Saver (if used), and the monitor. (j) Connect the power plug of the IBM power supply to your System Saver IIgs (or to power strip). Continued use of the Kensington System Saver or AE Conservor is recommended to minimize heat that originates in the motherboard or interface cards, (k) Enjoy 150/200 watts of clean power in your Apple IIgs; say goodbye to crashes and freeze-ups attributable to low power! INTRODUCTION HHHHHHHHHHHH Installing a high-powered (150-200 watt) IBM-style power supply will eliminate low-power problems suffered by Apple II users whose Apples are loaded with accessories. You will now be able: (a) to add four or more disk drives, (b) fully populate all your RAM cards, (c) fill all slots with large cards, (c) reduce overheating problems by having an external, rather than internal, power supply. SWITCHING-STYLE POWER SUPPLIES HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Power supplies for electronics are of two general types: (a) step-down transformers with DC rectifiers and one or more secondary windings, and (b) switching power supplies which rectify the AC power to DC, then create the target voltages by rapidly switching the power on and off. Switching power supplies include complex regulation and protection circuits so that power is turned down if the target voltage strays beyond the limits of narrow acceptable ranges. Switching power supplies are more expensive but safer; they are used in all computers including Apple II, IBM, and Macintosh. SWitching power supplies can fail, but when failure occurs the output voltage drops rather than going berserk, as can happen with others. APPLE II AND IBM POWER SUPPLIES: BASIC FEATURES HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Apple II and IBM power supplies share similarities: Both are designed as switching (internally protected) power supplies; both give the same DC output voltages (-5v, 12v, +12v, +5v). Both are designed originally to be installed inside the computer. The Apple II power supply delivers about 55-60 watts. It is fully enclosed, has no fan, and has a difficult-to-replace internal soldered fuse. The IIe/II+ version uses a 6-pin motherboard plug (Molex red brick miniature rectangular Matrix housing, Digi-Key part no. A14113-ND). The IIgs version has a brushed aluminum housing with different mount, and a distinctive motherboard connector plug (Molex .156" 7-pin center-crimp terminal housing with locking ramp; Molex no. 09-50-3071, Digi-Key part no. WM-2105-ND). The Apple II power supply is adequate for the average user, but inadequate for "flagship" Apple IIs loaded with RAM, extra cards, or more than two disk drives. Symptoms of power overload "brownouts" include spontaneous crashes and "freeze-ups" that require rebooting. With adequate power capacity, crashes and freeze-ups should not occur. IBM-style power supplies are big and impressive. Even the smaller IBM-style power supplies deliver 150 watts, 2.5 times the output of the standard Apple II power supply. Newer models deliver 200-300 watts and may be smaller in physical size than the older 150 watt models. All have cooling fans; most have selectable dual input voltages: 110/220v AC. Output connectors on IBM power supplies appear at first glance to be a bird's nest of insulated wires and connectors. But there are only three distinct connectors: P8: (includes blue wire -12v) P9: (includes white wire -5v) Molex-4: (three to five 4-pin connectors; these are for internal drives.) Identical colors always give the same output voltage. For example, multiple red wires all give +5v DC. Identically-colored wires can be soldered together to give higher amperage at the stated voltage. Shopping for a Used IBM Power Supply: These are widely available at thrift shops, yard sales, or on the internet itself. Prices are cheap, especially for the older larger units, because they are too large to be used with modern small CPUs. Prices are $20.00 or less for working power supplies. You should shop locally for a power supply so that its operation can be verified. (Two power supplies I bought on the Internet were received "dead-on-arrival," thus wasting $18 in shipping plus the purchase price.) When you find one, first note its odor: It should NOT have the strong pungent smell of cooked electronics. A mild electronic odor is o.k. --- the odor originates with a volatile varnish that is painted on the components. The smell of the varnish (hopefully) signals the user that the item is overheated. Next, plug it in and observe the cooling fan's movement. If the fan begins to spin quickly and maintains its speed, then the +12v line is o.k. But if the fan fails to spin, or if it quits soon after power-up, then the protection circuits have intervened to shut the power supply down. This, by itself, is sufficient reason not to buy the power supply! Shake the unit and listen for rattling sounds. If the rattle is plastic, then damage is unlikely; but if the rattle is a metal object (paper clip, pin, screw, bolt, etc.) then the power supply likely has suffered a short on the motherboard and should be avoided. Bring a DC voltmeter when shopping for a power supply. With the 115v power on, check the DC output voltages: +12v, +5v, -12v, -5v. (NOTE: On some power supplies, the +12v line will drop to +8v when no load is attached to the power supply. This voltage drop reflects the normal operation of protection/ shutdown circuits and is not a defect. When a load is attached (such as a hard disk attached to a Molex-4 connector), then the voltage of the +12v line will return to normal. POWER SUPPLY CABLE: DESIGN FEATURES HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH This power supply cable is designed for durability and top performance when used with the Apple II. Note these features: (a) Heavy-duty stranded wire (AWG-18): This is the heaviest grade of wire that will fit on the Molex and AMP connectors. Most wires are American-made. (b) Heavy-duty insulation: Wires are wrapped with color-coded 600v heavy duty insulation. (Standard insulation is rated merely at 300v.) Heavy-duty insulation gives maximum protection against inter-wire shortages within the 6-conductor cable; it also minimizes the risk of damage by wire-chewing puppies or infants who may be nearby on the floor near the computer desk. (c) Durable interwire connections: Soldered wire-to-wire connections are covered securely to eliminate shorts: First, the soldered connection is painted with an insulating paint; next, two layers of polyolefin shrink-tubing are added to insulate and strengthen the joint. High-current lines (+12v, +5v) are connected to multiple wires coming from the power supply. Unused wires are trimmed, insulated, and tucked in bundles. The entire six-wire cable is secured together with sections of 1/2" shrink-tubing and nylon ties. (d) Two Molex-4 connectors left intact: The IBM power supply has two connectors (P8, P9) that transfer power to the motherboard, plus 3-5 Molex-4 female connectors that empower the disk drives. Two of the Molex-4 female connectors have been left intact; extras have been removed. The Molex-4 four prongs deliver these high amperage voltages: (+12, neg, neg, +5v). These connectors are useful for several reasons: (a) They can be used for testing hard drives, which receive power via the Molex-4; (b) the +12v and +5v lines, the most important outputs, can be monitored with a DC voltmeter from the Molex-4, and (c) other appliances such as indicator lights or a hard drive can be attached to the Molex-4 connector. DETAILED INSTALLATION AND CHECKING PROCEDURE HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH (a) Carefully unwrap the power supply. Use no knife or blade. SHAKE the power supply gently to judge whether any movable foreign objects are rattling inside the unit. (b) With all power OFF, and after discharging any static, remove the present internal power supply --- a plastic clip at the keyboard end of the motherboard holds it in. Pry the plastic retaining clip forward, and lift the original IIgs power supply out of the way. (c) Carefully unplug the present internal power supply from the Molex-7 connector on the motherboard. A pliers may be used, pulling SLOWLY and CAREFULLY in an upward direction. Do not break off any of the six pins on the male motherboard connector. The spring ramp-grabbers on the right edge may need to be deflected with a knife or ruler so that the plug can be released. (d) Use a DC voltmeter to CHECK THE VOLTAGES of the wires on the Molex-7 plug (-5v, -12v, +12v, and +5v) before connecting the IBM supply to the IIgs. [This is important!] The probes of the DC voltmeter are likely too large to fit the small openings on the Molex-7 plug. To test the voltage, clip two segments of a paper clip and insert them temporarily in the pin-windows of the Molex-7 plug, taking care to avoid short circuits. Then touch the voltmeter probes to the paper clip segments to measure the voltage. Be careful to avoid short-circuiting the power supply. (e) Place the IBM power supply on the floor under the computer table -- position it so that there is no danger of objects (paper clips, pens, etc.) falling off the table into a fan opening, nor of liquids being spilled into it. This is important: paper clips could jam the fan or hit the motherboard and fry the power supply. (f) Route the 6-wire cable up to the back panel of the IIgs, and into the computer. The cable may be routed through the rectangular hole on the back panel behind the original power supply. (I used a thin-nose pliers to break off a section of thin plastic so that the plug can be passed easier through the back panel.) (g) Carefully line up the Molex-7 plug with the motherboard [The two black wires are positioned towards the keyboard-front of the computer; the plug's slanted "polarizing-ramp" must face towards the slots.] (h) SLOWLY push the plug straight down onto its mating motherboard power connector. The polarizing-ramp on the plug will make a click sound when the ramp-grabbers secure it. (i) Remount the lid onto the CPU, then System Saver (if used), and the monitor. (j) Connect the power plug of the IBM power supply to your System Saver IIgs (or to 115v power strip). (k) Enjoy 150/200 watts of clean power in your Apple IIgs; say goodbye to crashes and freeze-ups attributable to low power! WIRE INSULATION WIRE COLOR-CODES: APPLE II AND IBM HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Color codes generally are consistent within brands, but variations occur! Power supplies produced for the European market may vary from the colors stated here. The placement of the voltage lines on the connector plugs are standard but colors vary. Voltages/colors must be verified with a DC voltmeter for each power supply. VOLTAGE APPLE II IBM ------------------------------------------- ground Black Black +5v Orange Red +12v Yellow Yellow -12v Green Blue -5v Blue White COOLING FAN NOISE HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Fan noise is part of IBM folklore; all of us have seen IBM PCs that sounded like reincarnated vacuum cleaners. Ball-bearing fans are quieter than sleeve fans. The IBM fan is powered from the +12v DC line. This fan differs from the AC 110v fan in Apple II System Savers. These options are available: (a) Position the IBM power supply at a distant corner below the computer desk so that its audible sounds are unnoticed. (b) Remove or disconnect the fan. Most IBMs run cool with Apple II because the load is only 1/3 the power supply's capacity. The fan could be disconnected or removed but this is not recommended. (c) The fan can be slowed for silent running by moving its live wire from +12v DC to +5v DC instead. Its speed will be about half its normal speed and fan noise will be eliminated. I recommend this alternative but only after the user first verifies that the power supply runs cool with the Apple II load. This requires that the power supply case be opened so that the fan DC power line is changed from its original +12v to +5v. Hacking inside the power supply enclosure must be done cautiously. RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH 1. Follow usual precautions: All computer power OFF when connecting or disconnecting accessories; also, discharge static before going into the CPU. Note though, that when the internal power supply is replaced, you will need to discharge static by touching a lamp, metal file cabinet first. 2. Metal objects (paperclips, etc.) may spill into the power supply on floor, especially through the fan openings. Put a barrier (e.g., plastic tennis balls lid) on the power supply if a fan opening is facing upward. 3. If drinks or other liquids are occasionally spilled on the floor near your computer desk, then it may be prudent to raise the height of the power supply 1"-3" above the floor by placing height spacers below it. 4. Puppies, babies, etc. may damage the cable or external power supply. The heavy duty 600v insulation gives maximum protection, but keep young kids and puppies away from the power supply! 5. When transporting your computer, remember that the MOLEX-7 PLUG and its motherboard mating socket are delicate! Either carefully remove the plug, or secure the cable so that movement won't stress the plug. 6. Fan openings in the case expose the power supply at risk to rain damage when using the computer outdoors. 7. An Internet correspondent stated that high capacity power supplies can create problems because the underloaded power capacity makes the internal protection circuits less responsive. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON POWER SUPPLIES HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Apple Computer Inc. (1987). Apple IIgs Hardware Reference. Reading MA: Addison Wesley Publishing, 192-193. MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE AND LIMITED WARRANTY HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH Each adapter cable or power supply will be thoroughly tested on my own computer (IIgs or IIe) prior to shipping. Voltages are checked repeatedly during assembly, and each cable/ power supply is tested for stability with a 4-7 day minimum duration test run on my computers. None will be shipped if there is any doubt about its safety. If you are dissatisfied for any reason with this IIgs adaptor cable or power supply, return it to me within 90 days and I will send a refund or replacement, at your option. Buyer pays shipping both ways. Seller's liability, however, is limited to refund or replacement of the cable or cable/ power supply combination. Responsibility for consequential damages, such as damage to the motherboard, is not accepted. The buyer must carefully recheck the voltages delivered at the Molex-7 power plug prior to connecting it to the computer. AUTHOR'S NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH 1. This is the first version (v. 1.0) of these docs. Comments from users and other interested readers are welcome. 2. This manual was written for Apple IIgs users. Similar IBM-to-Apple power supplies and cables are available for use with the Apple IIe and II+; the only difference is that the AMP 2x3 motherboard connector is attached instead of the Molex-7 used on the IIgs. Prices are the same for IIe or IIgs. 3. Readers may buy spare motherboard connector plugs and crimp-pin sets will be sent for $2.00 per set, including postage. A spare 7th crimp-pin will be included with the set. Specify whether the motherboard plug and pins are for the IIgs or for the IIe. Send $2.00 check to Stephen Buggie, UNM-G, 200 College Rd., Gallup, NM 87301. 4. I am indebted to many who contributed advice on this project. Advisors were: John Daniels, Doug Durkee, Tim Gaines, Jeff Kloosterman, Mitch Spector, Samir Wahid, and David Wilson. v.1.0 April 21, 1996