>>>byte 0 (Accrued Exception Byte) [Used for Halt]
;
INEX_FPU EQU 8 Inexact
DZ_FPU EQU $10 Divide by zero
UNFL_FPU EQU $20 Underflow
OVFL_FPE EQU $40 Overflow
IOP_FPE EQU $80 Invalid operation
;
; >>>>byte 1 (Exception Status Byte) [Used for Exceptions]
;
INEX1_FPU EQU $100 Inexact decimal input
INEX2_FPU EQU $200 Inexact operation
DZ1_FPU EQU $400 Divide by zero
UNFL1_FPU EQU $800 Underflow
OVFL1_FPU EQU $1000 Overflow
OPERR_FPU EQU $2000 Operand error
SNAN_FPU EQU $4000 Signalling NaN
;
; >>>>byte 2 (Quotient Byte) [Used by MOD and REM]
;
SIGN_FPU EQU 8 sign of quotient
;
; >>>>byte 3 (Condition Code Byte)
;
NAN_FPU EQU $100 Not A Number
INF_FPU EQU $200 Infinity
ZERO_FPU EQU $400 Zero value
NEG_FPU EQU $800 Negative Value
;
; BIT DEFINITIONS FOR MC68881 CONTROL REGISTER
;
; WARNING: USE OF THE EXCEPTION ENABLE BYTE ON THE
; MC68881 WILL CAUSE THE FPE TO DO
; UNPREDICTABLE ACTIONS. DO NOT USE
; THE FPCR FOR ENABLING EXCEPTIONS.
;
; >>>>>>byte 1 (Exception enable byte)
;
; *** same as FPSR byte 1 definitions
;
; >>>>>>byte 0 (Mode Control byte)
;
; mask bits
;
RND2NR_FPU EQU $00 round to nearest
RND2Z_FPU EQU $10 " zero
RND2NI_FPU EQU $20 " negative inf
RND2PI_FPU EQU $30 " positive inf
;
PRE_FPU EQU $00 rounding precision extended
PRS_FPU EQU $40 " " single
PRD_FPU EQU $80 " " double
;
; >>>>>>bytes 2 and 3 not used
;
end
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Correct result = 1.000000e0
Result = %20.14e
Start time = %.20s
Stop time = %.20s
Loop start time = %.20s
Stop time = %.20s
Trapezoidal rule for e^x 0->x->1
Correct result = 1.178281e0 (e-1)
Result = %20.14e
Start time = %.20s
Stop time = %.20s
Loop start time = %.20s
Stop time = %.20s
Integration test complete
SYSF[ P Z V Q SNOC^[ P (Y [U P TSYS8] V F[ X X - + 0123456789ABCDEF 0123456789abcdef 0x 0X - + INF NAN(000) - + .console .console .console .null .stdin .stdout .stderr .console
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, @ DIRECT #include
#include
#include
#include
extern int errno;
main()
{
MTStartUp();
printf("BYTE Small-C Floating-Point Coprocessor Benchmark\n");
printf(" modified by Innovative Systems to APW C\n");
printf(" 2 Sep 1988\n\n");
printf("This program consists of three tests. Please be patient\n");
printf("while they run. Using the standard SANE package, the\n");
printf("program will take about 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete.\n");
printf("Using the FPE tool set as a substitute for the SANE package,\n");
printf("the program will take about 20 minutes - with most of the\n");
printf("the time in the first test set.\n\n");
fourbang();
finteg();
printf("Press return to exit:");
getchar();
MTShutDown();
exit(0);
}
fourbang()
{
extended one, temp, ten;
int i;
int FCOUNT;
char *time1,*time2,t1[20],t2[20];
FCOUNT = 20000;
time1=&t1[0];
time2=&t2[0];
one = 1.0;
ten = 10.0;
temp = ten;
printf("Start extended floating point basic math test\n");
printf(" 20000 iterations of eight groups of +,-,*,/\n");
printf(" Correct result = 1.000000e+1\n");
ReadAsciiTime(time1);
for ( i = 0 ; i < FCOUNT ; ++i) {
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
temp = temp + one;
temp = temp - one;
temp = temp * ten;
temp = temp / ten;
};
ReadAsciiTime(time2);
printf(" Result = %20.14e\n",temp);
printf(" Start time = %.20s\n",time1);
printf(" Stop time = %.20s\n",time2);
/* check loop time */
ReadAsciiTime(time1);
for ( i = 0 ; i < FCOUNT ; ++i ) ;
ReadAsciiTime(time2);
printf(" Loop start time = %.20s\n",time1);
printf(" Stop time = %.20s\n",time2);
printf(" Basic Math Test Complete\n\n");
return;
}
finteg()
{
extended two, pi2, temp, ex, sinex, accum, x;
int ICOUNT, i;
char *time1, *time2,t1[20],t2[20];
printf("Integration Tests -- 32,000 steps in each integration\n");
ICOUNT = 32000;
time1=&t1[0];
time2=&t2[0];
two = 2.0;
pi2 = pi();
pi2 = pi2/2.0;
accum = 0.0;
x = 0.0;
temp = pi2/ICOUNT;
printf("Trapezoidal rule for sin(x) 0->x->pi/2 \n");
printf(" Correct result = 1.000000e0 \n");
ReadAsciiTime(time1);
for ( i = 0 ; i < ICOUNT+1 ; ++i ) {
sinex = sin(x);
accum = accum + sinex;
if (( i != 0 ) && ( i != ICOUNT ))
accum = accum + sinex;
x = x + temp;
}
accum = accum * temp;
accum = accum / two;
ReadAsciiTime(time2);
printf(" Result = %20.14e \n",accum);
printf(" Start time = %.20s\n",time1);
printf(" Stop time = %.20s\n",time2);
/* calculate loop time */
ReadAsciiTime(time1);
for ( i = 0 ; i < ICOUNT ; i++ ) ;
ReadAsciiTime(time2);
printf(" Loop start time = %.20s\n",time1);
printf(" Stop time = %.20s\n",time2);
/* Trapezoidal rule for e^x */
temp = ICOUNT;
temp = 1 / temp;
accum = 0.0;
x = 0.0;
printf("\nTrapezoidal rule for e^x 0->x->1 \n");
printf(" Correct result = 1.178281e0 (e-1)\n");
ReadAsciiTime(time1);
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, @ ~globals . U U A
, @ ~arrays Can't allocate SANE direct page This will take 70 seconds using normal SANE.
This will take 34 seconds using the TransWarp GS.
This will be somewhat faster using the FPE.
start
x = %6.2f
done
start time = %.20s
stop time = %.20s
SYSFNM B K \H OC SNOCL bB J F zB TSYSN DH L |J J - + 0123456789ABCDEF 0123456789abcdef 0x 0X - + INF NAN(000) - + .console .console .console .null .stdin .stdout .stderr .console
8 HS : F BYTEWRKS ((((( H + B B \ @ 5h! @D NM B K \H OC L bB J $F (zB 0N 4DH 8L <|J @ J : F
, @ DIRECT /* Savage benchmark -- from BYTE, July 1987, page 106 */
#include
#include
#include
#include
int ILOOP = 250;
int i;
main()
{
extended x;
char st[20],sp[20],*t1,*t2;
t1=&st[0];
t2=&sp[0];
x = 1.0;
ReadAsciiTime(t1);
printf("This will take 70 seconds using normal SANE.\n");
printf("This will take 34 seconds using the TransWarp GS.\n");
printf("This will be somewhat faster using the FPE.\n");
printf("start\n");
for (i = 1 ; i <= ILOOP-1 ; i++)
x = tan(atan(exp(log(sqrt(x*x))))) + 1.0 ;
ReadAsciiTime(t2);
printf("x = %6.2f\n",x);
printf("done\n");
printf("start time = %.20s\n",st);
printf("stop time = %.20s\n",sp);
}
asm savage.cc keep=s
link 2/start s keep=savage
delete s.=
EXAMPLE v ղ '
2''EXAMPLE " +EXAMPLE.ASM
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1.010.0
:BYTE Magazine Small-C Floating-Point Coprocessor Benchmark4Modified by Innovative Systems to APW/ORCA Assembler February 1989/ Floating Point Operations Coding Examples. Extended Floating Point Basic Math Test1 20,000 Iterations of Eight Groups of +,-,*,/& Correct Result = 1.00000002Integration Test 1 -- Trapezoidal Rule for Sine(x)& 32,000 Steps from 0 to pi/2& Correct Result = 1.0000000.Integration Test 2 -- Trapezoidal Rule for e^x# 32,000 Steps from 0 to 1& Correct Result = 1.7182818 Basic Operations Result = Integration 1 Result = Integration 2 Result = 2 Example using FPE Register-to-Register Operations1 Example using Memory-to-FPE Register Operations7This series of tests takes about 60 seconds to complete3 **** Unable to locate FPE, test terminated. ****0 @CAA@̓Leȷ@̈́Le @ͅLeȷ@͆ A
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;................................................................
;
; Example program, written in APW/ORCA macro assembly language,
; to demonstrate use of direct access calls to the MC68881 to
; perform complex or redundant floating point operations.
;
; Copyright (c) 1989, Innovative Systems
;................................................................
;................................................................
;
; This software is provided for your evaluation and to
; assist you in developing software for an Apple II
; family computer which has an iS Floating Point Engine.
;
; DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
;
; THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
; ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
; ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
; PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
; PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
; SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU (AND NOT INNOVATIVE
; SYSTEMS OR AN INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE)
; ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR
; OR CORRECTION.
;
; Innovative Systems does not warrant that the functions
; contained in the Software will meet your requirements
; or that the operation of the software will be
; uninterrupted or error free or that defects in the
; Software will be corrected.
;
; SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED
; WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO
; YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS
; WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
;
;................................................................
*
;................................................................
;
; To assemble faster, all system toolset macros required for
; for this program are combined in one macro library. See
; APW shell command MACGEN description for details.
;................................................................
mload example.macros
;................................................................
mload m16.fpe
copy e16.fpe
Dummy START
copy 2/ainclude/e16.memory
END
copy 2/ainclude/e16.sane
example START
using FPEEqus
using SANEEqus
using exampledata
using messages
;................................................................
;
; Normal startup processing required to enable the toolsets used.
;................................................................
phk get correct data bank value
plb
_TLStartUp
PushWord #0
_MMStartUp get 256 bytes from zero page
pla
sta myID
lda #0
pha
pha
PushLong #$100
PushWord myID
PushWord #attrBank+attrPage+attrFixed+attrLocked
PushLong #0
_NewHandle
phd determine zero page location
tsc
tcd
lda [3]
sta ZPPtr
pld
pla
pla
PushWord ZPPtr give it to SANE Toolset
_SANEStartup
;................................................................
;
; Output startup messages.
;................................................................
Writech #$0a
Writeln msg1
Writeln msg2
Writeln msg3
Writech #$0a output a linefeed
Writeln msg19
Writech #$0a
jsr fslot locate FPE slot
and #$00ff
cmp #$00ff
bne FPEfound
Writeln msg20 error message
brl exit no reason to continue
FPEfound and #$0007
asl a shift slot number for addition
asl a to $c080
asl a
asl a
sta x->pi/2.
;
; The correct answer should be 1.0000000.
;................................................................
;
; Output Informational messages
;
;................................................................
Writeln msg8
Writeln msg9
Writeln msg10
Writeln msg17
Writech #$0a
;................................................................
;
; We will get the value for pi from the ROM values in the FPE,
; and then divide it by two to get pi/2. Save the value in
; FPE register 3. (Remember previous warning if necessary).
;................................................................
a1 regregr rpi,fp3
; divide by two
ldy #command
lda #val1
xba
sta [x->1.
;
; The correct answer should be 0.1782818.
;................................................................
Writeln msg4
Writeln msg11
Writeln msg12
Writeln msg13
Writeln msg17
Writech #$0a
;
; We will get the value for 1.0 from the ROM values in the FPE,
; and then divide it by the number of integration steps.
; Save the value in FPE register 3.
;................................................................
d1 regregr r10t0,fp3
; divide by number of integration steps
ldy #command
lda #val1
xba
sta [0,.a
&BL SETA L:&SYSOPR+1
.a
&REST AMID "&SYSOPR",2,&BL-2
dc I1'$F4',I2'&REST'
MEND
MACRO
&lab FDEC2X
&lab FOPRF FFEXT+FOD2B
MEND
MACRO
&lab FPSTR2DEC
&lab FOPRD FOPSTR2DEC
MEND
MACRO
&lab FOPRF &N1
&lab PEA &N1
LDX #SANEtsNum+256*FPNum
JSL $E10000
MEND
MACRO
&lab FOPRD &N1
&lab PEA &N1
LDX #SANEtsNum+256*DecStrNum
JSL $E10000
MEND
MACRO
&lab str &string
&lab dc i1'L:&string',C'&string'
MEND
MACRO
&lab writeln &addr
&lab ANOP
AIF C:&addr=0,.c
lclc &char
&char amid &addr,1,1
AIF "&char"="#",.a
pea &addr|-16
pea &addr
ago .b
.a
lclc &str
&str amid &addr,3,L:&addr-3
bra ~b&SYSCNT
~a&SYSCNT dc I1'L:&str',C'&str'
~b&SYSCNT pea ~a&SYSCNT|-16
pea ~a&SYSCNT
.b
ldx #$1A0C
~c&SYSCNT jsl $E10000
MEXIT
.c
pea +(~c&SYSCNT+1)|-16
pea ~c&SYSCNT+1
AGO .b
MEND
MACRO
&lab writech &SYSOPR
&lab ANOP
AIF C:&SYSOPR=0,.a
lda &SYSOPR
.a
pha
ldx #$180C
jsl $E10000
MEND
MACRO
&lab FX2DEC
&lab FOPRF FFEXT+FOB2D
MEND
MACRO
&lab FDEC2STR
&lab FOPRD FODEC2STR
MEND
MACRO
&lab _WriteCString
&lab ldx #$200C
jsl $E10000
MEND
MACRO
&lab _WriteString
&lab ldx #$1C0C
jsl $E10000
MEND
MACRO
&lab writestr &addr
&lab ANOP
AIF C:&addr=0,.c
lclc &char
&char amid &addr,1,1
AIF "&char"="#",.a
pea &addr|-16
pea &addr
ago .b
.a
lclc &str
&str amid &addr,3,L:&addr-3
bra ~b&SYSCNT
~a&SYSCNT dc i1'L:&str',C'&str'
~b&SYSCNT pea ~a&SYSCNT|-16
pea ~a&SYSCNT
.b
ldx #$1C0C
jsl $E10000
MEXIT
.c
phy
pha
AGO .b
MEND
MACRO
&L REGMEMX &INS,&FPM,&ADDR
&L LDY #COMMAND
LDA #$6800+(&FPM|7)+&INS
XBA
STA [?@ABCDEFGHIJKLM ;................................................................
;
; FPE demonstration code.
; Copyright (c) 1989, Innovative Systems
;................................................................
;................................................................
;
; This software is provided for your evaluation and to
; assist you in developing software for an Apple II
; family computer which has an iS Floating Point Engine.
;
; DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
;
; THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
; ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
; ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
; PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
; PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
; SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU (AND NOT INNOVATIVE
; SYSTEMS OR AN INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE)
; ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR
; OR CORRECTION.
;
; Innovative Systems does not warrant that the functions
; contained in the Software will meet your requirements
; or that the operation of the software will be
; uninterrupted or error free or that defects in the
; Software will be corrected.
;
; SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED
; WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO
; YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS
; WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
;
;................................................................
;................................................................
;
; WARNING! WARNING! The FPE Tool Set uses FPE registers 0, 1, and
; 2 for most of its operations. Use any of the remaining (3-7) if
; you have data that you don't want to lose. For example, don't
; use register 0 and then do a decForm conversion because the
; data in register 0 will change.
;................................................................
mathexamples start
using FPEEqus
using SANEequs
using exampledata
using messages
;................................................................
;
; Output informational messages.
;................................................................
Writeln msg4
Writeln msg5
Writeln msg6
Writeln msg7
Writeln msg17
;................................................................
;
; Convert the ASCII string "1.0" to an extended binary number.
;................................................................
lda #1
sta index
PushLong #info1
PushLong #index
PushLong #value1
PushLong #vp
FPSTR2DEC ;convert to decform
PushLong #value1
PushLong #x1
FDEC2X
;................................................................
;
; Convert the ASCII string "10.0" to an extended binary number.
;................................................................
lda #1
sta index
PushLong #info2
PushLong #index
PushLong #value1
PushLong #vp
FPSTR2DEC ;convert to decform
PushLong #value1
PushLong #x2
FDEC2X
;................................................................
;
; Do operations in a register-to-register mode (the fastest way
; possible).
;................................................................
;
; Now put the values into the FPE for use. The one will go into
; registers 5 and 7, and the ten into register 6.
;
; Use the FPE macros to move the data in.
;................................................................
t1 memregx fmove,fp5,x1
t2 memregx fmove,fp6,x2
t4 regreg fmove,fp5,fp7
;................................................................
;
; We do all operations into and out of FPE register 7. That is,
; add fp6 to fp7, mul fp7 by fp5, div fp7 by fp5, sub fp6 from fp7
; eight times and then loop. We loop 20,000 times.
;................................................................
ldx #looptimes use X register as counter
loop_start anop nospace no-op code
; 1
t6 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t8 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t10 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t12 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; 2
t13 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t14 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t15 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t16 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; 3
t17 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t18 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t19 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t20 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; 4
t21 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t22 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t23 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t24 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; 5
t25 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t26 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t27 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t28 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; 6
t29 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t30 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t31 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t32 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; 7
t33 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t34 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t35 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t36 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; 8
t37 regreg fadd,fp6,fp7
t38 regreg fmul,fp5,fp7
t39 regreg fdiv,fp5,fp7
t40 regreg fsub,fp6,fp7
; end of loop
dex
beq t41
brl loop_start go through again
t41 regmemx fmove,fp7,x3
Writech #$0a
Writestr msg14
jsr print
Writech #$0a
Writech #$0a
;................................................................
;
; Repeat the test, except that only the temporary data is
; stored in a register. All the other values are moved into
; the FPE directly from memory (this will be slower than the
; previous set of operations).
;................................................................
Writeln msg4
Writeln msg5
Writeln msg6
Writeln msg7
Writeln msg18
;................................................................
;
; Now put the values into the FPE for use.
;
; Use the FPE macros to move the data in.
;................................................................
s4 memregx fmove,fp7,x1
;................................................................
;
; We do all operations into and out of FPE register 0. That is,
; add fp6 to fp7, mul fp7 by fp5, div fp7 by fp5, sub fp6 from fp7
; eight times and then loop. We loop 20,000 times.
;................................................................
ldx #looptimes use X register as counter
loop_2_start anop
; 1
s6 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s8 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s10 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s12 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; 2
s61 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s62 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s63 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s64 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; 3
s65 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s66 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s67 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s68 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; 4
s69 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s70 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s71 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s72 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; 5
s73 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s74 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s75 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s76 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; 6
s77 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s78 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s79 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s80 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; 7
s81 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s82 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s83 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s84 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; 8
s85 memregx fadd,fp7,x1
s86 memregx fmul,fp7,x2
s87 memregx fdiv,fp7,x2
s88 memregx fsub,fp7,x1
; end of loop
dex
beq s41
brl loop_2_start go through again
s41 regmemx fmove,fp7,x3
Writech #$0a
Writestr msg14
jsr print
Writech #$0a
Writech #$0a
brl finteg
end
OPQR ; Print routine for outputting floating values
;
; Copyright (c) 1989, Innovative Systems
;................................................................
;
; This software is provided for your evaluation and to
; assist you in developing software for an Apple II
; family computer which has an iS Floating Point Engine.
;
; DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
;
; THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
; ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
; ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
; PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
; PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
; SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU (AND NOT INNOVATIVE
; SYSTEMS OR AN INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE)
; ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR
; OR CORRECTION.
;
; Innovative Systems does not warrant that the functions
; contained in the Software will meet your requirements
; or that the operation of the software will be
; uninterrupted or error free or that defects in the
; Software will be corrected.
;
; SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED
; WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO
; YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS
; WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
;
;................................................................
print start
using SANEequs
using exampledata
PushLong #theForm ; convert to decform from extended
PushLong #x3
PushLong #theDec
FX2DEC
PushLong #theForm ;convert to ASCII string
PushLong #theDec
PushLong #output
FDEC2STR
PushLong #output
_WriteString
pushlong #crlf
_WriteCString
rts
crlf dc h'0a0d00'
end
TUVWXY ; Floating Point Test Message Text
;
; Copyright (c) 1989, Innovative Systems
;................................................................
;
; This software is provided for your evaluation and to
; assist you in developing software for an Apple II
; family computer which has an iS Floating Point Engine.
;
; DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
;
; THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
; ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
; ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
; PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
; PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
; SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU (AND NOT INNOVATIVE
; SYSTEMS OR AN INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE)
; ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR
; OR CORRECTION.
;
; Innovative Systems does not warrant that the functions
; contained in the Software will meet your requirements
; or that the operation of the software will be
; uninterrupted or error free or that defects in the
; Software will be corrected.
;
; SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED
; WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO
; YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS
; WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
;
;................................................................
messages data
msg1 STR 'BYTE Magazine Small-C Floating-Point Coprocessor Benchmark'
msg2 STR 'Modified by Innovative Systems to APW/ORCA Assembler'
msg3 STR ' February 1989'
msg4 STR ' Floating Point Operations Coding Examples'
msg5 STR ' Extended Floating Point Basic Math Test'
msg6 STR ' 20,000 Iterations of Eight Groups of +,-,*,/'
msg7 STR ' Correct Result = 1.0000000'
msg8 STR 'Integration Test 1 -- Trapezoidal Rule for Sine(x)'
msg9 STR ' 32,000 Steps from 0 to pi/2'
msg10 STR ' Correct Result = 1.0000000'
msg11 STR 'Integration Test 2 -- Trapezoidal Rule for e^x'
msg12 STR ' 32,000 Steps from 0 to 1'
msg13 STR ' Correct Result = 1.7182818'
msg14 STR ' Basic Operations Result = '
msg15 STR ' Integration 1 Result = '
msg16 STR ' Integration 2 Result = '
msg17 STR ' Example using FPE Register-to-Register Operations'
msg18 STR ' Example using Memory-to-FPE Register Operations'
msg19 STR 'This series of tests takes about 60 seconds to complete'
msg20 STR ' **** Unable to locate FPE, test terminated. ****'
end
[\]^_
Floating Point Example Program
The example program is based on the BYTE Floating Point Coprocessor
benchmark published in July 1988. It gives examples of how the FPE can be used
to do floating point math in assembly language. It also demonstrates
some of the tricks that are useful in speeding up calculations.
The prime speedup occurs when the FPE keeps intermediate and
constant values within its register space (as in first basic operations
example and in both integration examples). To demonstrate the effects of
not using the registers, the basic operations test includes memory to
FPE register data move instructions.
The two integration examples show the most speedup. In APW 'C' (and no
FPE), these integration tests take over 30 minutes. Have your stop watch
ready when you run this program.
Note that the m16.FPE macros are not the fastest way to access the
FPE registers, but they are convenient. Modify the macros to put the
data directly into the FPE, rather than using indexed indirect addressing
and you will gain some speed improvement. Also, if you store your data
in IEEE order (MSB is the lowest location in memory), you can eliminate
the requirement for the XBA instructions in moving data. The same is true
if you store the FPE command codes as equates instead of generating them
during assembly.
WARNING. Mixing direct calls and FPE Tool Set calls can cause you
trouble if you use registers 0, 1, or 2 to store temporary data. The FPE
Tool Set uses these registers to do its work and so the contents may be
destroyed.
Note. You will get 43 linker errors when you link this example code. The
m16.FPE macros cause generation of a relocatable address assembler code during
assembly. The linker flags this as an invalid use of a relocatable address.
The resultant code, however, is correct and will function correctly.
TO ASSEMBLE and LINK:
From APW/ORCA: ASML EXAMPLE.ASM KEEP=EXAMPLE.
Required files: /apw.orca.fpe16/m16.FPE
/apw.orca.fpe16/e16.FPE
example.asm
example.macros
example.math
example.data
example.finteg
example.txt
example.print.
The distribution disk contains an assembled and linked version of this example
program.
1 q p $ * B APW.ORCA.FPE16 BENCHMARK EXAMPLE 5 B FINDSLOT 5
FPETOOL.INITS 5 FRACTALS U B LISA816.FPE U
MERLIN.FPE FINDSLOT v ղ '
2'FSLOT16 b 6 6a+FSLOT16.ASM c
P 5a
, @ K0 @BAA@̓ LB ȷ@̈́ LB @ͅ LB ȷ@͆ A$L
A) 0 0 " L
0 " k8FPE FOUND IN SLOT .
FPE NOT FOUND!
B ' , B 3 8 B > I X ] ` j v y defghijkl ;................................................................
;
; Example program, written in APW/OCRA macro assembly language,
; to demonstrate use of the FPE id bytes to identify the slot
; which contains the FPE.
;
; Copyright (c) 1989, Innovative Systems
;................................................................
;................................................................
;
; This software is provided for your evaluation and to
; assist you in developing software for an Apple II
; family computer which has an iS Floating Point Engine.
;
; DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
;
; THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
; ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO
; ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
; PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
; PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
; SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU (AND NOT INNOVATIVE
; SYSTEMS OR AN INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE)
; ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR
; OR CORRECTION.
;
; Innovative Systems does not warrant that the functions
; contained in the Software will meet your requirements
; or that the operation of the software will be
; uninterrupted or error free or that defects in the
; Software will be corrected.
;
; SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED
; WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO
; YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS
; WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
;
;................................................................
mcopy 2/ainclude/m16.texttool
mcopy 2/ainclude/m16.utility
fslot start
slotloc equ $40
slotROM equ $e1c00b
id1loc equ 5 id byte offsets
id2loc equ 7
id3loc equ $b
id4loc equ $c
lastslot equ $c7
phk
plb
sep #$30
longa off
longi off
; enable slot ROM
lda #0
sta >slotROM
;
sta slotloc slot address low byte
lda #$e1 slot address high byte
sta slotloc+2
lda #$c0 slot address mid byte
sta slotloc+1
; increment thru slots starting at slot 1
loop inc slotloc+1
ldy #id1loc
lda [slotloc],y
cmp id1
beq s1
jmp nextslot
s1 iny
iny
lda [slotloc],y
cmp id2
beq s2
jmp nextslot
s2 ldy #id3loc
lda [slotloc],y
cmp id3
beq s3
jmp nextslot
s3 iny
lda [slotloc],y
cmp id4
beq s4
nextslot lda slotloc+1 get slot # data
cmp #lastslot last slot?
beq done yes, exit
jmp loop
s4 lda #1 re-enable normal slots
sta >slotROM-1
lda slotloc+1 slot # here
and #$0f mask off unneeded bits
ora #'0' convert to ASCII
sta send
; output success message
rep #$30
longi on
longa on
PUSHLONG #success
_WriteCString
jmp return
done lda #1 re-eanble normal slots
sta >slotROM-1
; output fail message
rep #$30
longi on
longa on
PUSHLONG #fail
_WriteCString
return rtl set A,X,Y size to 16 bits
; identification bytes
id1 dc i1'56' $38
id2 dc i1'24' $18
id3 dc i1'1' $01
id4 dc i1'175' $af
success dc c'FPE FOUND IN SLOT '
send ds 1
dc c'.'
dc h'0a 0d 00 00'
fail dc c'FPE NOT FOUND!'
dc h'0a 0d 00 00'
end
FPETOOL.INITS v ܲ '
2'+FPE.INIT.S1 n $
m+FPE.INIT.S2 $ 2 2m+FPE.INIT.S3 $ 8 9m+FPE.INIT.S4 $ ; ;m+FPE.INIT.S5 $ m+FPE.INIT.S6 $ m+FPE.INIT.S7 $ mFINDER.DATA b ܲ ܲm opqrstuvwxyz{|}~
, @ 0
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> ! H + !kd! ! H + !k\ᯐ
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ᯐ
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Pᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
?Pᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜돞ᯐ
ᯐ
Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜돞ᯐ
ᯐ
bPᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜돞ᯐ
ᯐ
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ᯐ
ᯐ
ᯐ
ᯐ
Pᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜돞ᯐ
Pᯐɉ A돜ᯐ
Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
Qᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
Q(ᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
ᯐ
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Pᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
ᯐ
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.
H`HiTD@P Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
H +k c
H % +k Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
.
^ H`Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜돞႗ Tᯐɉ 돜 돞 돜돞_ Dᯐɉ 돜돞; @ᯐɉ 돜돞 Pᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
hᯐɉ ᯜ
ᯐɉ 20
H0 2)
) !+k+k
% ] Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
O Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
Pᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
p d& ) # & &0 & 0 && & ) ɀ & @ && & ᯐɉ &돜 ᯐ
H +k H +k Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
.
aH`Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜돞႗ Tᯐɉ 돜 돞 돜돞_ Dᯐɉ 돜돞; @ᯐɉ 돜돞 Pᯐɉ 돜ᯐ
hᯐɉ ᯜ
U*s Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
Lh0 hh0H`Copyright (C) Innovative Systems 1988,89All rights reserved. Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
.
H`HTD&@DPbv| Hᯐɉ 돜 돜 돞 돜 돞ᯐ
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.
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"
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+ H)
" h ᯦ k4>HR\fpz [ , [ ^ [ [
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d [ [ h0
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[ H ᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
hᯠɉ ᯬ
W
.
qc
oro
Av"?j g d
R
:
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> ! H + !kd! ! H + !k\ᯠ
Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
ᯠ
Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
Pᯠɉ 돬ᯠ
?Pᯠɉ 돬ᯠ
Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬돮ᯠ
ᯠ
Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬돮ᯠ
ᯠ
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Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬돮ᯠ
ᯠ
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ᯠ
ᯠ
ᯠ
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Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬돮ᯠ
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Qᯠɉ 돬ᯠ
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ᯠ
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hᯠɉ ᯬ
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.
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H % +k Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
.
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hᯠɉ ᯬ
ᯠɉ 20
H0 2)
) !+k+k
% ] Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
O Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
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.
aH`Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬돮႗ Tᯠɉ 돬 돮 돬돮_ Dᯠɉ 돬돮; @ᯠɉ 돬돮 Pᯠɉ 돬ᯠ
hᯠɉ ᯬ
U*s Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
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.
H`HTD&@DPbv| Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬 돮ᯠ
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hhhh0H` Hᯠɉ 돬 돬 돮 돬돮ᯠ
.
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> ! H + !kd! ! H + !k\ᯰ
Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
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Pᯰɉ 돼ᯰ
?Pᯰɉ 돼ᯰ
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.
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hᯰɉ ᯼
ᯰɉ 20
H0 2)
) !+k+k
% ] Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
O Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
Pᯰɉ 돼ᯰ
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H +k H +k Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
.
aH`Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼돾႗ Tᯰɉ 돼 돾 돼돾_ Dᯰɉ 돼돾; @ᯰɉ 돼돾 Pᯰɉ 돼ᯰ
hᯰɉ ᯼
U*s Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
Lh0 hh0H`Copyright (C) Innovative Systems 1988,89All rights reserved. Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
.
H`HTD&@DPbv| Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
h0
hhhh0H` Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼돾ᯰ
.
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dᯰɉ
`ᯰɉ
pᯰɉ
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mH`HT DN@lPNTZ`f Hᯰɉ 돼 돼 돾 돼 돾ᯰ
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돼 돼돾ᯰ
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Fractals-GS
Version 1.00
2/16/88
By Steven Disbrow
This Program was written in TML Pascal.
(c) 1987 TML Systems, Inc.
Certain portions of this software are copyrighted by TML Systems, Inc.
This version of this program is Public Domain. Feel free to distribute.
WHAT IT DOES:
Fractals-GS is a program that allows your Apple ][GS to generate pictures of
the famous Mandelbrot Set. For convenience, pictures may be saved in
progress and restarted later.
THEORY AND CREDITS:
Like most Fractal programs in the world, this one is based on one of A.K.
Dewdney's articles in Scientific American. His work, in turn, is based on
the work of that IBM guy, Mandelbrot (he's the one that started this mess!).
For some of the theory and background on this stuff, see any of Dewdney's
articles (check your library). For some serious brain damage, check out any
of Mandelbrots books. (Golly, I hope I spelled his name right!)
WHAT'S IN THE MENUS:
APPLE MENU -
The Apple Menu contains the obligatory "About Fractals-GS..." selection and
any desk accessories you might have installed.
FILE MENU -
NEW - This selection brings up a Dialog box that allows you to specify
information about the picture you want Fractals-GS to draw. The information
you must specify is:
X Coordinate and Y Coordinate - These values specify the BOTTOM LEFT HAND
CORNER coordinates of the picture that Fractals-GS is to draw.
X Range and Y Range - These range values are added to the X and Y coordinate
values to specify the range of numbers that the picture is to show.
Number of Iterations Per Pixel - This specifies the maximum number of times
that Fractals-GS evaluates each pixel to determine its color. Lower values
produce faster, less accurate, pictures. Larger values produce more detailed
pictures, but they take a LONG, LONG, LONG time to finish (You have been
warned!).
Title - This can be an 11 character title for the picture.
When the NEW Dialog box is invoked, a set of default values is shown. These
defaults specify a picture giving an overview of the Mandelbrot Set. These
default values are specified in scientific notation. The values you supply
do not have to be in scientific notation.
CLOSE - This selection closes the current window. If the picture in the
window has been modified, you will be asked if you want to save the changes.
LOAD PIC - This selection will allow you to load ANY picture that is in the
standard, uncompressed file format (file type $C1). A picture that is loaded
in this manner may only be viewed. Both 320 and 640 mode pictures may be
loaded (640 mode pictures may look a bit odd though...).
LOAD FGS - This is short for "LOAD a Fractals-GS Picture and its Data File".
This selection actually loads two files. One is the actual picture data, the
other is a text file that specifies how Fractals-GS is to go about drawing
that data. The picture file has a file name extender of ".PIC" and the data
file has a file name extender of ".DAT". Both of these files must be present
in the same directory for the picture to be loaded.
SAVE AS - This selection allows you to save an FGS Picture (i.e. a picture
and its associated data file) in progress. The picture can be loaded in
later (via the LOAD FGS selection) and restarted.
DELETE - This selection allows you to delete any file.
RENAME - This selection allows you to rename any file.
EDIT MENU - The Edit Menu is not implemented in this version of Fractals-GS.
WINDOWS MENU -
FULL SCREEN - This allows you to see the picture without all of those silly
windows and things. Press any key or click the mouse button when you have
finished looking at the picture. (O.K., so its not really FULL screen. If
anyone out there can tell me how to get rid of that *^^&%^% menu bar I would
be most grateful!)
COORDINATES - The Coordinates selection is not yet implemented.
GET INFO - The Get Info selection tells you all of the important stuff about
the picture you are currently viewing. Included in the Get Info selection is
the option to print out the Info. (Make sure that your printer is ready!)
MAGNIFY - The Magnify option allows you to "Zoom In" on a portion of an FGS
picture and generate a new picture. To cancel the Magnify option press the
escape ("esc") key. See the following section for more information on this
option.
NEXT WINDOW - The Next Window selection is not yet implemented.
COLORS MENU - The Colors Menu is not implemented in this version of
Fractals-GS.
RUN MENU -
MANDELBROT - The Mandelbrot selection tells Fractals-GS to start drawing a
picture using the formulas that generate Mandelbrot set pictures. To stop
the execution of this option, press the escape ("esc") key. When the current
row is finished being evaluated, Fractals-GS will stop drawing the picture.
JULIA - This selection is not yet implemented.
EXAMPLES:
CREATING A NEW PICTURE -
1) From the "FILE" menu, select "NEW". A Dialog Box containing default
values will appear. To edit these values click the mouse in the appropriate
box and use the arrow keys and delete keys to change the values. When you
have the values you want, click on the "OK" button and an empty window will
appear. If you change your mind, click the "Cancel" button.
2) Now that you have the empty window, you probably want to get the picture
started! To do this, simply pull down the "RUN" menu and select the
"Mandelbrot" item. At this point, Fractals-GS begins to calculate and draw
your picture. Don't worry if nothing appears immediately, Fractals-GS only
draws a pixel (or line of pixels) when it crosses a 'color boundary' (you
should understand what I mean after you see it in action).
3) The next step is to RELAX. The ][GS is a fairly slow machine and some of
these pictures can take upwards of 20 hours to draw! (An assembly language
version is on the way!)
4) What's that you say? You don't want your computer tied up for 20+ hours
drawing a stupid picture? Neither did I! That's why Fractals-GS has the
ability to save a picture in progress! To save it however, you must stop it.
To stop a picture that is being drawn, press the escape ("esc") key.
Fractals-GS will stop drawing the picture when it reaches the end of the
current line (this in itself can take up to 10 minutes!).
5) To save the picture as it now stands, pull down the "FILE" menu and select
the "Save As..." item. This brings up a Dialog Box that prompts you for a
name to save the file under. Only 11 characters are allowed for the file
name because the last 4 characters are reserved for the ".PIC" and ".DAT"
extenders. Remember, ".PIC" and ".DAT" are stuck on the end of the file name
by Fractals-GS. When you have the name that you want, click on the "SAVE"
button and Fractals-GS will save your picture and its associated data file.
6) Now that your picture is saved, you can close it and start or load another
picture, or you can restart the picture you just saved. To restart the
picture, just select the "Mandelbrot" item from the "RUN" menu.
LOADING AND RESTARTING A SAVED PICTURE -
1) From the "FILE" menu, select "LOAD FGS...". This brings up a Dialog Box
that prompts you for the name of a file to load. Only ".PIC" files are
shown. When you find the file you want, double-click on its name or click on
its name once and then click the "OPEN" button. Fractals-GS will then load
your picture and its associated data file. If the data file can not be
found, Fractals-GS will tell you so and the load operation will be aborted.
2) Once you have loaded the picture, you may restart it by selecting the
"Mandelbrot" item from the "RUN" menu.
3) To stop and save the picture, follow steps 4-6 under CREATING A NEW
PICTURE (above).
USING THE MAGNIFY OPTION -
1) Once you have a picture drawn (or almost drawn) you can "Zoom In" on bits
of it that look interesting. First, load in a previously drawn picture (the
picture does not need to be completely finished) via the "LOAD FGS..." option
as described above.
2) Pull down the "WINDOWS" menu and select the "Magnify" item. This will
place the picture in (almost) FULL SCREEN mode so that you can see all of it.
3) Place the cursor at or near the point of interest and press and hold the
mouse button. While STILL HOLDING DOWN on the mouse button, begin to drag
the mouse. A box is drawn to show the area that will be magnified. You can
drag the mouse in any direction. When you have the area you are interested
in selected, release the mouse button.
4) When you have released the mouse button, a Dialog Box identical to the
"NEW" Dialog Box will appear and show you the specifications for the area you
have just selected. Change them as you would if you were specifying a new
picture.
5) When the specifications are to your liking, click the "OK" button. The
picture that you were working with previously will be closed (if changes were
made to it, you will be asked if you want to save those changes), and a new,
empty window will be opened. This window will eventually contain the drawing
of the zoomed area. To begin drawing this picture, follow steps 2-6 under
CREATING A NEW PICTURE (above).
6) If you do not like the specifications for the area you have chosen, click
the "CANCEL" button. This will place you back in Magnify mode and you can
try again. If you do not want to try again or you did not want to try in the
first place, press the escape key and Magnify mode will be turned off.
HINTS -
1) When in magnify mode try to get the X and Y ranges about the same. If
they are very different, the resulting picture will look stretched or
smashed. This is because that, on the ][GS, pixels are taller than they are
wide. So, when you are boxing in the area you want to magnify, make the
vertical sides a bit longer than the horizontal sides.
2) When in magnify mode and when specifying a new picture, the values for the
X and Y coordinate represent the lower left hand corner of the picture.
3) When you are zooming in really 'deep', make the iteration limit larger.
Otherwise the picture may end up being all black.
4) An iteration limit of 100 is more than enough for really well detailed
pictures.
5) Run these things at night or when you are at work or school. If you live
in an area that has a lot of electrical storms or power outages, do NOT run
these things unattended. I'm NOT going to be held responsible for fried or
otherwise damaged ][GS's. (To quote Dave: "Oh, yeah? How much did you pay to
get into the show tonight?")
I hope you like this program and find it useful. If you have ANY questions,
criticisms, compliments or CASH you would like to throw my way, please do so.
I would especially like to hear about ANY bugs you find in it. This is my
first attempt at a full blown ][GS application and I would really love some
feedback. My GEnie address is S.DISBROW and my home address is:
Steven Disbrow
1421 O'Neal Rd.
Hixson, TN. 37343
!"#$%&'()*+,-./012 Fractals-GS
Version 1.1
12/15/88
Documentation updated 1/23/89
By Steven W. Disbrow
(c) 1987-89 By EGO Systems.
This Program was written in TML Pascal.
(c) 1987 TML Systems, Inc.
Certain portions of this software are copyrighted by TML Systems, Inc.
This version of this program is Public Domain. Feel free to distribute.
WHAT IT DOES:
Fractals-GS is STILL a program that allows your Apple ][GS to generate pictures
of the famous Mandelbrot Set. For convenience, pictures may be saved in
progress and restarted later.
THEORY AND CREDITS:
Like most Fractal programs in the world, this one is based on one of A.K.
Dewdney's articles in Scientific American. His work, in turn, is based on the
work of that IBM guy, Mandelbrot (he's the one that started this mess!). For
some of the theory and background on this stuff, see any of Dewdney's articles
(check your library). For some serious brain damage, check out any of
Mandelbrots books. (Golly, I hope I spelled his name right!)
There are four reasons that I did this update to Fractals-GS:
1) Ed Finney wrote me a letter (USnail) and told me how much he liked the
program .
2) Frank Krol asked me if he could include it as a demo with a new hardware
product his company is about to release. I said yes.
3) Garry M. Delong sent me some MONEY.
4) I am getting really sick of my job programming IBM PC's and Mainframes. So
if any of you Apple ][GS programming shops out there need good people...
BUGS IN THIS VERSION - 1/23/89
1) Due to a bug in AppleWorks GS, the documentation file was screwed up.
This file fixes that.
2) The only program bug I know of at this point is the fact that when entering
a title for a picture via the "NEW" or "MAGNIFY" options, you can only enter
eleven charaters. To get around this, use the "SAVE AS..." menu selection to
specify a title for the picture. Or, you could close the picture, rename it
and then reload it.
FIXES TO BUGS AND 'FEATURES' IN VERSION 1.00:
1) I figured out how to get rid of the *&^%& menu bar! (And boy did I)
2) Pictures were saved incorrectly in Version 1.00. This made it difficult
(but not impossible) to use Fractals-GS generated pictures with programs
such as DeluxePaint ][ and PaintWorks. This has been fixed. In fact, this
version will fix all of your old pictures if you want it to. For more info
see the detailed discussion at the end of this document.
3) While I claimed that Version 1.00 painted it's pictures in 16 colors the
more observant of you (i.e. not blind) will no doubt have noticed that
there were only about 8 colors in any picture that you drew. This was a
STUPID mistake and it won't happen again. Thanks to Noreen for spotting
this one.
4) Pictures and their data are now stored in 1 file. The use of a '.Pic' and
a '.Dat' file was a 'Feature' that really began to bug the #&!! out of me
after about 20 pictures.
5) Also included in this version is a Fractals-GS Icon. Copy it into the
Icons folder of either your startup disk or your Fractals-GS disk.
THE FRACTALS-GS MENU BAR:
The menu bar in Version 1.10 of Fractals-GS behaves a bit differently than in
Version 1.00 or just about any other ][GS program. When you first start the
program, the menu bar appears at the top of the screen just as you would
expect. After you open a picture (using either "LOAD PIC..." or "LOAD FGS...")
however, the picture fills the entire screen and the menu bar disappears
(finally)! To get the menu bar back, move the cursor to the top of the screen.
To make the menu bar disappear again move the cursor away from the menu bar.
We here at EGO Systems call this the Phantom Menu Bar (PMB) because we could
not think of anything dirty to call it. This PMB is why the "FULL SCREEN"
option has been taken out of the WINDOWS menu. Activating a menu choice by
using a command key combination will cause the menu bar to appear briefly and
the command will be carried out. If you close the current picture the menu bar
reappears and stays put until you open another picture. The only other
programs that I know of that use a PMB are Instant Music and The King Of
Chicago (a great game). If anyone else wants to know how to get rid of the
menu bar, let me know and I'll be glad to tell you.
WHAT'S IN THE MENUS?
APPLE MENU:
The Apple Menu contains the obligatory "About Fractals-GS..." selection and
any desk accessories you might have installed.
FILE MENU:
NEW - This selection brings up a Dialog box that allows you to specify
information about the picture you want Fractals-GS to draw. The information
you must specify is:
X Coordinate and Y Coordinate - These values specify the BOTTOM LEFT HAND
CORNER coordinates of the picture that Fractals-GS is to draw.
X Range and Y Range - These range values are added to the X and Y coordinate
values to specify the range of numbers that the picture is to show.
Number of Iterations Per Pixel - This specifies the maximum number of times
that Fractals-GS evaluates each pixel to determine its color. Lower values
produce faster, less accurate, pictures. Larger values produce more
detailed pictures, but they take a LONG, LONG, LONG time to finish (You
have been warned!).
Title - This can be a 15 character title for the picture.
When the NEW Dialog box is invoked, a set of default values is shown. These
defaults specify a picture giving an overview of the Mandelbrot Set. These
default values are specified in scientific notation. The values you supply
do not have to be in scientific notation.
CLOSE - This selection closes the current picture. If the picture has been
modified, you will be asked if you want to save the changes.
LOAD PIC - This selection will allow you to load ANY picture that is in the
standard, uncompressed file format (file type $C1). A picture that is loaded
in this manner may only be viewed. Both 320 and 640 mode pictures may be
loaded (640 mode pictures may look a bit odd though...).
LOAD FGS - This is short for "LOAD a Fractals-GS Picture and its Data".
If you try to load in a plain picture file, Fractals-GS will give an error
message and the operation will be aborted. For more information, see the
discussion at the end of this document.
SAVE AS - This selection allows you to save an FGS Picture (i.e. a picture and
its associated data) in progress. The picture can be loaded in later (via
the LOAD FGS selection) and restarted. The resulting pictures can be loaded
into DeluxePaint ][ and (I hope) other paint programs. Use the
"Import File..." option when loading Fractals-GS pictures into AppleWorks GS.
DELETE - This selection allows you to delete any file.
RENAME - This selection allows you to rename any file.
EDIT MENU:
The Edit Menu is not implemented in this version of Fractals-GS.
WINDOWS MENU :
COORDINATES - The Coordinates selection brings up a small window showing the
current position of the cursor 'in' the complex plane. The coordinates
window can be moved anywhere you want. This option can be very handy when
you are in the Magnify mode (be sure to select Coordinates before you select
Magnify).
GET INFO - The Get Info selection tells you all of the important stuff about
the picture you are currently viewing. The Get Info Dialog now includes a
'Total Time' entry. This tells you how much time (in Hours, Minutes and
Seconds) you have wasted drawing a particular picture. If the picture was
generated with Version 1.00, the Total Time is set to 0 hours, 0 minutes and
0 seconds. Also included in the Get Info selection is the option to print
out the Info. (Make sure that your printer is ready!)
MAGNIFY - The Magnify option allows you to "Zoom In" on a portion of an FGS
picture and generate a new picture. When you select Magnify, the cursor
changes into a Magnifying Glass (well, that's what it's SUPPOSED to be!).
To cancel the Magnify option press the escape ("esc") key. See the following
EXAMPLES section for more information on this option.
PREFERENCES - The preferences option brings up a dialog box which allows you
to set the following options:
1) Screen Saver - If you turn the screen saver on, the screen will turn
black when you select an option from the RUN menu (Mandelbrot or Julia).
This option is included because I figure that most pictures will be run at
night and your monitor will be off anyway and the pictures get drawn a bit
faster that way. How much faster? It depends on the number of color breaks
in the picture.
2) Color Cycling Direction - This can be either IN (towards the black areas)
or OUT (away from the black areas). If neither button is selected, the
program defaults to OUT.
3) Color Cycling Speed - How fast the color cycle goes. Drag the scroll bar
to set the speed. I can't quite get the other areas of the scroll bar to
behave correctly just yet (give me a break, I still have Christmas shopping
to do) so this will have to do for now.
Click the 'OK' button when you are done. There is no cancel button because
none of this stuff is really that important, is it?
COLORS MENU:
SET - This is not yet implemented.
DEFAULT - This is not yet implemented.
CYCLE - Select this item to start the colors cycling. If the Coordinates
window is open, it will be closed and the cycling will begin. While in
Cycling mode you can set the direction and speed of the cycle using the
PREFERENCES item or by pressing the following keys:
'D' - Pressing 'D' reverses the direction of the cycle.
'-' - Pressing '-' slows down the speed of the cycle.
'+' - Pressing '+' increases the speed of the cycle.
Note that you do not have to have Shift or Caps Lock pressed for these keys
to work.
To hide the cursor, press the Space Bar. To get the cursor back, move the
mouse.
RUN MEN:
MANDELBROT - The Mandelbrot selection tells Fractals-GS to start drawing a
picture using the formulas that generate Mandelbrot set pictures. The cursor
will change into the wristwatch and the picture will start drawing. If you
have the Screen Saver turned on, the screen will go black. To stop the
execution of this option, press the escape ("esc") key. When the CURRENT ROW
is finished being evaluated, Fractals-GS will stop drawing the picture.
JULIA - This selection is not yet implemented.
SPECIAL KEYS:
The following keys (upper or lowercase) do the following things in the
following modes:
AT ANY TIME -
'Space Bar' - Pressing the Space Bar at any time hides the cursor. Move
the mouse to make the cursor reappear.
CYCLE MODE -
'D' - Pressing 'D' reverses the direction of the cycle.
'-' - Pressing '-' slows down the speed of the cycle.
'+' - Pressing '+' increases the speed of the cycle.
MAGNIFY MODE -
'esc' - Pressing 'esc' (the escape key) ends magnify mode.
RUN MODE -
'esc' - Pressing 'esc' (the escape key) ends run mode when Fractals-GS has
finished evaluating the current line of the picture.
EXAMPLES:
CREATING A NEW PICTURE -
1) From the "FILE" menu, select "NEW". A Dialog Box containing default
values will appear. To edit these values click the mouse in the appropriate
box and use the arrow keys and delete keys to change the values. When you
have the values you want, click on the "OK" button and an empty window will
appear. If you change your mind, click the "Cancel" button.
2) Now that you have the empty window, you probably want to get the picture
started! To do this, simply pull down the "RUN" menu and select the
"Mandelbrot" item. At this point, Fractals-GS begins to calculate and draw
your picture. Don't worry if nothing appears immediately, Fractals-GS only
draws a pixel (or line of pixels) when it crosses a 'color boundary' (you
should understand what I mean after you see it in action).
3) The next step is to RELAX. The ][GS is a VERY slow machine and some of
these pictures can take upwards of 20 hours to draw!
4) What's that you say? You don't want your computer tied up for 20+ hours
drawing a stupid picture? Neither did I! That's why Fractals-GS has the
ability to save a picture in progress! To save it however, you must stop
it. To stop a picture that is being drawn, press the escape ("esc") key.
Fractals-GS will stop drawing the picture when it reaches the end of the
current line (this in itself can take up to 30 minutes!).
5) To save the picture as it now stands, pull down the "FILE" menu and select
the "Save As..." item. This brings up a Dialog Box that prompts you for a
name to save the file under. When you have the name that you want, click on
the "SAVE" button and Fractals-GS will save your picture and its associated
data in the file.
6) Now that your picture is saved, you can close it and start or load another
picture, or you can restart the picture you just saved. To restart the
picture, just select the "Mandelbrot" item from the "RUN" menu.
LOADING AND RESTARTING A SAVED PICTURE -
1) From the "FILE" menu, select "LOAD FGS...". This brings up a Dialog Box
that prompts you for the name of a file to load. When you find the file you
want, double-click on its name or click on its name once and then click the
"OPEN" button. Fractals-GS will then load your picture and its data. If
the Fractals-GS data can not be found in the file, Fractals-GS will tell you
so and the load operation will be aborted.
2) Once you have loaded the picture, you may restart it by selecting the
"Mandelbrot" item from the "RUN" menu.
3) To stop and save the picture, follow steps 4-6 under CREATING A NEW
PICTURE (above).
USING THE MAGNIFY OPTION -
1) Once you have a picture drawn (or almost drawn) you can "Zoom In" on bits
of it that look interesting. First, load in a previously drawn picture (the
picture does not need to be completely finished) via the "LOAD FGS..."
option as described above.
2) Pull down the "WINDOWS" menu and select the "Coordinates" item. Please
note that this step is ENTIRELY OPTIONAL and is not really necessary when
magnifying a picture.
3) Pull down the "WINDOWS" menu and select the "Magnify" item. The cursor
will change into a "Magnifying Glass". This tells you that you are now in
Magnify mode.
4) Place the cursor at or near the point of interest and press and hold the
mouse button. While STILL HOLDING DOWN on the mouse button, begin to drag
the mouse. A box is drawn to show the area that will be magnified. You can
drag the mouse in any direction. When you have the area you are interested
in selected, release the mouse button.
5) When you have released the mouse button, a Dialog Box identical to the
"NEW" Dialog Box will appear and show you the specifications for the area
you have just selected. Change them as you would if you were specifying a
new picture.
6) When the specifications are to your liking, click the "OK" button. The
picture that you were working with previously will be closed (if changes
were made to it, you will be asked if you want to save those changes), and a
new, empty window will be opened (if the Coordinates window was open, it too
will be closed). This window will eventually contain the drawing of the
zoomed area. To begin drawing this picture, follow steps 2-6 under CREATING
A NEW PICTURE (above).
7) If you do not like the specifications for the area you have chosen, click
the "CANCEL" button. This will place you back in Magnify mode and you can
try again. If you do not want to try again or you did not want to try in
the first place, press the escape key and Magnify mode will be turned off.
HINTS -
1) When in magnify mode try to get the X and Y ranges about the same. If
they are very different, the resulting picture will look stretched or
smashed. This is because that, on the ][GS, pixels are taller than they are
wide. So, when you are boxing in the area you want to magnify, make the
vertical sides a bit longer than the horizontal sides.
2) When in magnify mode and when specifying a new picture, the values for
the X and Y coordinate represent the lower left hand corner of the picture.
3) When you are zooming in really 'deep', make the iteration limit larger.
Otherwise the picture may end up being all black.
4) An iteration limit of 100 is more than enough for really well detailed
pictures.
5) Run these things at night or when you are at work or school. If you live
in an area that has a lot of electrical storms or power outages, do NOT run
these things unattended. I'm NOT going to be held responsible for fried or
otherwise damaged ][GS's. (To quote Dave: "Oh, yeah? How much did you pay to
get into the show tonight?")
CONVERTING VERSION 1.00 PICTURES TO VERSION 1.1:
Like I said earlier, Version 1.00 saved it's pictures incorrectly. I have
corrected this problem so that Version 1.10 saves pictures correctly. Since
it was not YOUR fault that I screwed up Version 1.00, I have included the
ability to load Version 1.00 pictures and save them out in the correct
format. The process to do this is simple:
1) Load in the old picture using "LOAD FGS...".
2) Save the picture to the same (or a different) name using the "SAVE AS..."
option.
3) Delete the pictures old ".Dat" file.
You may want to verify that the pictures attributes are intact before
deleting the ".Dat" file. To do this, close the picture file, rename the
".Dat" file to something without ".Dat" on the end of it, reopen the picture
file and use the Get Info option to verify that the pictures attributes are
OK.
TECHNICAL NOTE - Version 1.00 pictures are identified via the fact that the
Auxiliary Type of the ".Pic" file SHOULD be zero (0). Version 1.10 files
have an Auxiliary Type of 257 (hexadecimal $0101, just like Apple uses to
specify version numbers of the ][GS tool sets). If you have trouble
converting Version 1.00 pictures, use a utility such as my NoDOS Desk
Accessory to check the Auxiliary Type and change it back to 0 if necessary.
Convert your pictures now. I plan on removing this conversion ability from
the next version.
Also, as I stated earlier, pictures and their data are now saved in the same
file. This means that a Fractals-GS picture file will be 33K. This scheme
saves directory space since you don't have to have the ".Dat" file along for
the ride.
I hope you like this program and find it useful. If you have ANY questions,
criticisms, compliments or CASH you would like to throw my way, please do so. I
would especially like to hear about ANY bugs you find in it. This was my first
attempt at a full blown ][GS application and I would REALLY love some feedback.
My GEnie address is "S.DISBROW", my AppleLink name is "Obnoxio" and my home
address is:
Steven Disbrow
1421 O'Neal Rd.
Hixson, TN. 37343
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RESTORE.LNK.S689 RESTORE.LSACS689 TEST.EXE.SACS68
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FPE.SYSTEM UU__UUU_U_UUUUUUUU______U_UUU_________UU U__UU___UU_UU___U ontents of this disk have been reorganized and some of the files have
been renamed.
* All Apple IIGS-related software is now located in the FPE.IIGS
folder.
* All Apple II, II+, and //e-related software is now located in the
FPE.6502 folder.
* The Appleworks Classic modification software is located in the
APPLEWORKS.FPE8 folder. Also included is a sample spreadsheet
that takes a while to run if you aren't using the FPE.
In the FPE.IIGS folder:
* The FPE tool set has been renamed FPE.INIT.Sx in the FPETOOLS.INIT
folder.
* The EXAMPLE folder contains a 65816 assembly language file which
demonstrates the use of FPE register-to-register operations to
significantly improve floating point operations speed. This file
will run with the FPE installed in any valid slot.
* The BENCHMARK folder contains an ORCA/PASCAL version of the SAVAGE
benchmark and an APW C version of the Byte Magazine floating point
coprocessor benchmark. (The program "EXAMPLE" is an assembly
language adaptation of this coprocessor benchmark).
* The APW.ORCA.FPE, LISA816, and MERLIN.FPE folders contain macros and
equates files for use in assembly language programming. These
macros are intended to be very basic uses of the FPE, but they are
very flexible (see "EXAMPLE"). To use them or to generate your own,
please refer to chapters 6, 7, and 8 of the Owner's Manual.
* A freeware version of a patch to APPLESOFT for using the FPE. This
software was written by Glen R. Bredon.
In the FPE.6502 folder, we have included the APW.ORCA.FPE8 and MERLIN.FPE8
macro folders.
Note: A new set of 6502 macros and an object file for use with them
is included. Because of the way the 6502 addresses the Apple
bus when doing an indirect or direct indexed mode, the FPE will
generate an invalid procedure error if you put data into the
Operand register using these modes. To avoid this problem you
must use direct addressing to the Operand register. The macros
provide this capability by calls to the object file.
The object file is ORG'd to run in memory starting at $4000. It
also uses direct page locations $cc-$d1 (Note: these DP
locations would also be used by the 6502 version of SANE; however,
there is not a conflict if both are used and the memroy location
is above SANE).
The binary file name is FPESUBS.OBJ To use it with ORCA/M V4.1,
copy FPESUBS.A into the /Libraries directory (note, FPESUBS.A does
not contain an ORG statement).
The APPLEWORKS.FPE8 folder contains the Appleworks Classic modification.
;................................................................
;
; The FPE has always had hardware ID bytes available to the user.
;
; The bytes are: location value
; $cx05 $38
; $cx07 $18
; $cx0c $01
; $cx0d $af
;
; The programs "FSLOT8.ASM" and "FSLOT16.ASM" are examples of how to
; access these bytes, and "EXAMPLE" is just one way to use them to
; define the slot location.
;
;................................................................
*** Innovative Systems is dedicated to providing you, the user, with system
products that make your tasks easier and faster. Please send us any comments
and criticisms at any time so that we take them into account and serve you
better with our future products.
IMPORTANT:
Please send in the registration form, along with your phone number, so that
we make keep you informed of further iS products and FPE updates/upgrades.
We thank you for your support, both now and in the future.
Innovative Systems, the Systems People.
BONUS:
We have also included a SHAREWARE fractal program, written in TML PASCAL by
Steve Disbrow, to show what the FPE can help you do. This program is included
in the FRACTALS folder in FPE.IIGS. If you like the program, please send
Steve a contribution because he spent a good deal of time developing it.
Manual Error:
The sample code shown on page 22 of the Owner's Manual contains several
errors. "E16.COPROCESSOR" and "M16.COPROCESSOR" should be "M16.FPE" and
"E16.FPE." Also, the code is meant to be a subroutine with the address
of the FPE slot (e.g., $c090 for slot 1) passed to the subroutine on the
stack (use a PUSHWORD to put the 16-bit address on to the stack).
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*+,-./0123456789:;<= 0: XX / r Cp ,L` "L` $ XL] p 0 XL] p 4DL. X ei X -- Innovative Systems -- Floating Point Engine -- Software Installation
V.
V.
V.
V. -- &&Copyright (c) 1989, Innovative Systems
V. -- %%Innovative Systems, FPE, and Floating -- Point Engine are trademarks of -- Innovative Systems.
V. -- !!ProDOS, Apple IIGS, and GS/OS are -- registered trademarks of Apple -- Computer, Inc. -- $$AppleWorks is a registered trademark -- $$of Apple Computer, Inc., licensed to -- Claris Corporation.
V.
V. -- Hit any key to continue X `p ) 0p )$
V. -- FPE in slot -, $
V.
V. -- !!Please enter operation selection:
V. -- ''1 Install FPE Toolset (Apple IIGS only) -- %%2 Install Classic Appleworks FPE Code -- 3 Test Floating Point Engine
V.
V.
V. -- 0 Quit
V. -- Enter operation number: $$ V.$8鰍$ L$
V. -- Invalid entry: -- ##Input value must be between 0 and 3 -- Please reenter selection. -- Hit any key to continue. XL"` & X -- ((FPE.INIT for ProDOS 16 and GS/OS Systems
V.
V.
V.
V. &L%
V. -- %%Insert the FPETOOLS distribution disk --
into a drive. -- Hit any key to exit, -- hit return to continue. &ɍL&L% & ? ' &Lb&
V. -- %%Insert ProDOS 16 or GS/OS System disk --
into a drive. -- Hit any key to exit, -- hit return to continue. &ɍL&L% ? >L& ? n)G ? -- FPE.INIT installed. -- Hit any key to continue. &` /fpetools/fpe.iigs/fpetool.inits&'? '+)?3
V. -- Enter the Volume Name of the -- target system disk. -- Use the form '/xxxx' j ' ' '''Lu''` /system/system.setup/ p Z)Z) R)#W)g) f)L(W)Y) X)l'`' -- %%Unable to open FPE.INIT source file. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. '`' -- &&Unable to close FPE.INIT source file. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. '`' -- %%Unable to read FPE.INIT source file. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. 'L(Z) H fpe.init.sx P @ p + +L)'
V. -- Unable to create FPE.INIT file. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. 'L+ ,Lf*'
V. -- ((Unable to open FPE.INIT file on target. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. 'L+,,,,l)
,m) , ,L*'
V. -- ))Unable to write FPE.INIT file on target. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. ' ,Lj+'
V. -- Unable to flush FPE.INIT data. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. ' ,L+'
V. -- ))Unable to close FPE.INIT file on target. -, ' -- Hit any key to continue. ' ` FPE.INIT.Sx+ + H P X -- FPE not installed. -- Please install FPE and run -- program again. Thank you.
V.
V. -- Hit any key to continue. ፋ-ɀw-}--LI- --t--u----~-8 ЅЩ х [.-- 0~---ҝ--нv- [.Н-Ὁ-0-0~--8-- - ~- V.̅-`'
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8qȪ LEvaluation Stack Overflow Software InteruptInvalid OperationDivision by ZeroOverflow UnderflowInexact` X1 -- ((Classic AppleWorks FPE Installation Menu ?L1 X -- ((Classic AppleWorks FPE Installation Menu
V.
V. -- FPE in slot 1) 011 V.
V.
V. 1 ?1H 4L1 ? -- One moment please... :3L1 RBL11 3L1 Z8L1 :` ? 2222+)3 -- Enter the directory name of the -- AppleWorks Startup disk. -- Use the form '/xxxx' j2 2
V. -- Enter the directory name of the -- AppleWorks Program disk. -- Use the form '/xxxx' j2 2` 3L383
V. -- %%Please insert Appleworks Startup disk --
into a drive. -- Hit any key to exit, -- hit return to continue. 63ɍL4L:3`2 Ɣ4L4
V. -- %%Please insert Appleworks Program disk --
into a drive. -- Hit any key to exit, -- hit return to continue. 63ɍL4L3`2 Xhh` 8L 5
V. -- &&Insert FPETOOLS distribution disk into -- a drive. -- Hit any key when ready. 8L4 ?h8h8h>8Y88H8H B5LA5 6` 8 $8f8
V. -- Unable to open seg.el file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8L6)8+83858 *8c8
V. -- Unable to read seg.el file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8 28 48^8
V. -- Unable to close seg.el file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. X8` 8 ?8L78
V. -- Unable to open seg.23 file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8L7D8F8N8P8 E8L78
V. -- Unable to read seg.23 file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8 M8 O8L78
V. -- Unable to close seg.23 file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8`
8/fpetools/appleworks.fpe868 J P seg.el.xQ8 z ` seg.23.x 8 o:r:o: o: ȁ:L88
V. -- Unable to open SEG.EL file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8Ld::::::08::18::: ·: ˑ:L98
V. -- !!Unable to write new SEG.EL file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8L9 Ќ:L98
V. -- Unable to truncate SEG.EL file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8 ͙: ̙:^8
V. -- Unable to close SEG.EL file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8`seg.el
h: h: J P = 8=LD; === = = ==>L;;8
V. -- Unable to read SEG.M1 file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8L= =L; === = = ==>L;8
V. -- Unable to read SEG.AW file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8L= = >LK<8
V. -- Unable to read SEG.XX file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 8L<>== > P=P=P= =I8 >J8
> >L<8
V. -- Unable to write to SEG.XX file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. = =X X -- !!AppleWorks modification complete. -- Hit any key to continue. L=8
V. -- Unable to close SEG.XX file. -, 8 -- Hit any key to continue. 88` seg.m1seg.aw
=
= = J = J E X P ` ,?FLQ? &?FLQ? )?FLQ?2:?F? &?FLQ? )?FLQ?3:?F? &?FLQ? )?FLQ?4:?F? &?FLQ? )?FLQ?5:?F? &?FLQ? )?FLQ?6:?F? &?FLQ? )?FLQ?7:?F? &?FLQ? )?FLQ? L?/?;?G? fpe.init.s1 sane.init.1 sane.init? -- $$Unable to delete old FPE.INIT file. -, ? -- Hit any key to continue. ` X`
V. -- WARNING: -- ##This modification will destroy your
V. -- &&original AppleWorks files. Please use
V. -- ''only copies of your distribution disks.
V. -- ''This is NOT required for AppleWorks GS.
V. -- &&You must know the volume names of your -- %%Appleworks Startup and Program disks, -- if you have 5.25 inch media.
V. -- $$If you have 3.5 inch media, you need -- ##just the name of your Program disk; -- $$however, you must enter it each time -- you are asked for a disk name.
V.
V. -- Hit return to continue, -- any other key to quit. QBɍ QB XQB` C CLBC
V. -- $$Unable to open APLWORKS.SYSTEM file. -, C CLCCCC CL/CC
V. -- $$Unable to read APLWORKS.SYSTEM file. -, C -- Hit any key to continue. CL5CC CLCC
V. -- %%Unable to close APLWORKS.SYSTEM file. -, C -- Hit any key to continue. LCC LCC` aplworks.systemC J @CAA@0DLDȱ@1DLD @2DLDȱ@3D ALCAL*D
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V.
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V. -- ""Floating Point Engine failed test. -- ""Please contact Innovative Systems. L,=? BC8 é &'112` H B-9F 3"aɿ
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